Knee cap dislocation is a condition where the patella (kneecap) slides out of its normal position in the trochlear groove at the junction of the femur and tibia. This dislocation can lead to knee instability, pain, and swelling, significantly affecting mobility and quality of life. At London Cartilage Clinic, we specialize in advanced treatments for knee cap dislocation and realignment, including the revolutionary STARR MPFL repair.

Causes of Knee Cap Dislocation

Knee cap dislocation can result from various factors, including inherited traits like a high-seated kneecap or shallow trochlear groove, trauma, and skeletal immaturity. Each dislocation can stretch soft tissues, increasing the risk of recurrence. In cases of recurrent patella dislocation, the risk of further dislocation can increase to 70-80% after two episodes​​.

Impact of Knee Cap Dislocation on Cartilage

Repeated knee cap dislocation not only causes discomfort and instability but also poses a significant risk to the cartilage. Each dislocation can potentially damage the articular cartilage beneath the patella and the end of the femur, which are critical for smooth movement of the joint. The more frequently the patella dislocates, the greater the risk of cartilage damage, leading to increased pain and potentially accelerating the onset of degenerative joint conditions. Addressing knee cap dislocations promptly and effectively is crucial to minimize the risk of cartilage damage and maintain knee joint health.

Non-Surgical and Surgical Treatments

Non-surgical treatments, such as physiotherapy, medication, and knee braces, are often the first line of treatment, particularly for initial dislocations. However, in cases of recurrent dislocation or when conservative treatments are ineffective, surgery may be required. Surgical methods include arthroscopy, MPFL reconstruction using hamstring tendon, and realignment procedures like tibial tuberosity transfer or trochleoplasty​​​​.

The STARR MPFL Repair Technique

The STARR (Soft Tissue Augmented Regenerative Repair) technique is a less invasive and efficient approach for MPFL repair. It enhances biomechanical stability and reduces recovery time by reinforcing the ligament with a biocompatible scaffold. This technique represents a significant advancement in orthopaedic surgery, offering quicker recovery and more favourable long-term outcomes compared to traditional methods​​​​.